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當空氣源熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算

文章出處:責任編輯:人氣:-發(fā)表時間:2017-01-16 09:02【

       鑒于普通型熱泵出水溫度比較低( 通常供水45℃ ),使得傳統(tǒng)散熱器不能充分發(fā)揮其在標定工況(供水95℃)的散熱能力,我們必須選擇更多的散熱面積,因此就散熱器的散熱效率而言,普通空氣源與散熱器并非理想的搭檔。

 
      散熱器片數(shù)的理論計算
 
      先介紹散熱器散熱面積的計算公式,散熱器的散熱面積F(m2),應按下式計算
當空氣能熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算

      Q—散熱器的散熱量(W);K—在設計工況下散熱器的傳熱系數(shù){W/(m2·℃ ) };tp——散熱器內(nèi)熱媒的平均溫度(℃);tn——室內(nèi)采暖計算溫度(℃);β1—散熱器的長度修正系數(shù),按產(chǎn)品的修正系數(shù)修正;β2 —— 散熱器連接方式的修正系數(shù);β3—— 散熱器安裝形式的修正系數(shù)
 
      請注意,散熱器在不同的平均水溫下,傳熱系數(shù)是不同的。K 是隨散熱器不同的平均水溫變化的函數(shù),每種散熱器的傳熱系數(shù)計算公式都不同。
當空氣能熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算
當空氣能熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算
當空氣能熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算
當空氣能熱泵遇上散熱片,配多少片才合適?快來看科學計算
      一般來說,“標準工況”指溫度的是95/70℃,是上供下回、明裝,10 片一組的時候,每一片的散熱能力。

      要有這樣一個概念,散熱器在不同的平均水溫下,散熱能力是不同的。散熱能力是和散熱器平均水溫的相關的,復雜的函數(shù)關系。
 
      我們假設有一個耗熱量為1200W 房間。采用每片標準散熱量129W 的,鑄鐵四柱760。當供回水溫度不同時,以浩辰暖通計算他所需的散熱器的數(shù)量。
      如果手頭沒有帶筆記本,不能用電腦軟件,可以先估算下:
 
      計算某房間耗熱量為1200W,95/70℃時,標準散熱量129W 的,需要鑄鐵四柱760 散熱器1200/129=10 片。當45/40℃時,我們需要將其乘以系數(shù)3.6,即得到36 片。我們可以用這個“采暖負荷/ 標準散熱量×片比系數(shù)”的方法近似估算。
 
      如果是50/45℃時,即1200/129×2.8=28 片。我們注意到片比系數(shù)很大,因此準確計算房間負荷是準確估算散熱器的前提。還需要注意的是,不同散熱器的片比系數(shù)不一定相同,這個需要平時的經(jīng)驗積累。比如760的散熱器,我們按上述方法計算過一次,就知道其片比系數(shù)是3.6。
 
      溫度對散熱器的散熱能力的影響是很大的,我們必須引起足夠的重視。當采暖系統(tǒng)的設計運行溫度不是標況時,我們應校核其實際的散熱能力;對于單管串聯(lián),散熱器采暖系統(tǒng),越靠后,平均水溫越低,同樣的負荷所需的片數(shù)也就越多。
 
      地暖中如果需要設置散熱器時,請參照地暖的設計水溫對散熱器進行計算,切不可直接套用“標準散熱量”。
 
      普通空氣源熱泵采暖機組供水水溫偏低、散熱效率低、理論上需把散熱器片數(shù)增加2~3 倍,用空氣源熱泵帶散熱器不是一個很好的方案。這并不是說不能用,而是不能充分發(fā)揮散熱器的散熱潛能。
 

      PS:,補充一句,采用雙級壓縮的復疊高溫熱泵和二氧化碳熱泵不在本次討論之列。

      本文源自中國空氣能網(wǎng)


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